Ivana Noble, Martin Vaňáč

Ekumenická teologie na přelomu 20. a 21. století

Karol Nandrásky

Rozchod s predstavou zástupnej obete

Pavel Filipi

Ježíšova smrt v tradici evangelií

Petr Macek

Kristův kříž jako poselství a poslání

Jan Roskovec

K problému zástupnosti v biblické soteriologii

Martin Prudký

O roli Písma Židů pro křesťanskou teologii

Lenka Karfíková

Dvojí čas v Lévinasově díle De l’existence à l’existant

Ivan Chvatík, Štěpán Špinka

Nekonečnost konečnosti. Disputace o tezích Ivana Chvatíka k tématům lidské konečnosti a jejího překonání

Filip Čapek

Recenze: Walter Gross a Karl-Josef Kuschel. Bůh a zlo

Marek Říčan

Recenze: Peter L. Berger. The Desecularization of the World. Resurgent and World Politics

Ota Halama

Recenze: Martin Rothkegel. Moravské církevní dějiny 16. století

Práce přijaté a obhájené v roce 2005

Autor:

Ivana Noble, Martin Vaňáč

Abstrakt:

Ecumenical Theology at The Turn of the Millennium

This article summarises the main movements in the area of ecumenical theology over the last fifteen years. The first part is concerned with how the history of ecumenism has been reflected on theologically, with the changes in aims and in methodology that have appeared, and indeed how ecumenical theology has understood itself as a subject. The second part concentrates on the various themes which have been given special attention in this period, such as hermeneutics of tradition, ecclesiology, sacramental theology and justification. Finally, we move to the Czech scene, tracing the main publications and also asking if–or how–ecumenical theology has recovered after the fall of communism.

Citace:

NOBLE, Ivana a Martin VAŇÁČ. Ekumenická teologie na přelomu 20. a 21. století. Teologická reflexe. 12/1 (2006), s. 5-26.

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Autor:

Karol Nandrásky

Abstrakt:

A Break with the Conception of a Vicarious Sacrifice

The author examines the concept of the satisfaction theory, understood as making atonement to an angry God. Seen from today’s viewpoint it is unacceptable to regard the death of Jesus as an event that has been staged by God. The roots of this conception lie in the sacrificial rituals of antiquity, a line that is taken up once more by that part of the New Testament tradition (Paul, Hebrews) that remained under the influence of sacrificial thinking. However, this interpretation creates an image of God as a cruel despot, and indirectly supports a link between Christianity and power and violence. It should therefore be rejected; instead, the line of the prophetic and gospel message (especially John) should be followed that proclaims an unconditionally merciful God. Christianity today needs to turn away from rituals to a practice of unconditional love and forgiveness. God does not want sacrifices, but mercy.

Citace:

NANDRÁSKY, Karol. Rozchod s predstavou zástupnej obete. Teologická reflexe. 12/1 ( 2006), s. 27-44.

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Autor:

Pavel Filipi

Abstrakt:

The Death of Jesus in the Tradition of the Gospels

If we follow “Jesus’s haggada” as presented in the gospels, we see that this tradition devoted considerable attention to the final phase of Jesus’s life and his execution, to which he went voluntarily and in obedience to the will of his Father, and it even did so during the course of the narrative of the preceding phases. This reflects the conviction of the “post-Easter” Christian movement, that Jesus’s story (including its tragic end), in its significance and universal impact, transcends the story of a model to be followed. It was left to the tradition of Jesus’s adherents to reflect on how to express the way in which it does so. One of the attempts made was the idea of a vicarious sacrifice, the impact of which acquired a wide-ranging history, so that any attempt to replace it needs to deal with the reasons that led to it meeting such a response. At the same time it is necessary to bear in mind that all these attempts have been made from the viewpoint of the resurrection.

Citace:

FILIPI, Pavel. Ježíšova smrt v tradici evangelií. Teologická reflexe. 12/1 (2006), s. 45-50.

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Autor:

Petr Macek

Abstrakt:

The Cross of Christ as Message and Mission

Can the traditional Christian understanding of Christ’s death as a vicarious sacrifice of atone- ment be reconciled with the message of God’s love? Is it a fundamental metaphor of God’s self-revelation? Does it convey the role of Jesus in the biblical story of God’s act of salvation for our benefit and that of the whole of creation? The Christian teaching of the salvation of sinners follows on from the cult of the “sacrifice of atonement”, and so the motif of the sacrifice on the cross cannot be understood exclusively as an example to be followed. Classical Christology and the doctrine of the divine Trinity do not allow us to distinguish between God and Jesus Christ to the extent that the death on the cross can be interpreted as violence perpetrated by one individual on another individual. God rescues sinners from the consequences of sin at his own expense–not at the expense of someone else. This is the central statement of the message of his love–decisive for the relationship between dogmatics and ethics. God does not overcome evil by violence, but through selfsacrifice. All metaphors that are capable of effectively proclaiming this nature of the divine act pro nobis and its legacy for Christian existence are indispensable. The most effective is the service of atonement itself, inspired by the Spirit.

Citace:

MACEK, Petr. Kristův kříž jako poselství a poslání. Teologická reflexe. 12/1 (2006), s. 51-59.

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Autor:

Jan Roskovec

Abstrakt:

The Problem of Vicarious Death in Biblical Soteriology

While in the New Testament the death of Jesus is clearly an integral part of all versions of his story and a basic element in interpretations of it, in modern times the soteriology based on this event “extra nos” has been repeatedly criticised as something inaccessible for the prevailing understanding of human individuality. Many therefore propose that it should be abandoned and replaced by other concepts. The present article identifies the concept of the vicarious character of the Christ event as the core of what is perceived as problematic about classical Christian soteriology and attempts to provide some reasons why this concept is sustainable and even indispensable. It does so in two sets of remarks (parts 2 and 3). The first concerns methodology: it should be made clear that understandable (i.e. meaningful) is not the same as acceptable; particular concepts involved in the doctrine should be distinguished and their metaphorical character recognized; the understanding of Jesus’s death may not be separated from the fact that all New Testament Christology is dominated by the basic conviction that it deals with the living and present Christ who had overcome death. It should also be recognized that traditional terms such as “atoning sacrifice” are not fully identical with the biblical ways of expressing the concept and that the problem of translation must be taken into account. Secondly, the biblical concept of atonement (“expiation”) is described, starting with the Old Testament terminology of k-p-r, and its plausibility for contemporary thought is suggested.

Citace:

ROSKOVEC, Jan. K problému zástupnosti v biblické soteriologii. Teologická reflexe. 12/1 (2006), s. 60-72.

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Autor:

Martin Prudký

Abstrakt:

The Role of The Jewish Scriptures for Christian Theology

As an Old Testament scholar, the author in his inaugural lecture raises the question of whether and in what sense Old Testament studies are in fact theology. In historical and pragmatic terms the function of this discipline for Christian theology is by no means selfevident. The author finds support for his thesis that “the Law and the Prophets” are a noetic basis and essential hermeneutic background for expressing the Christian message (the good news of salvation in Christ) in the way in which the authors of the writings that make up the New Testament refer back to and make use of the “Old Testament” or the “Scriptures”. Seen in this way, it is not possible to regard Old Testament studies as merely a historical discipline, but rather as a primarily theological one.

Citace:

PRUDKÝ, Martin. O roli Písma Židů pro křesťanskou teologii. Teologická reflexe. 12/1 (2006), s. 73-80.

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Autor:

Lenka Karfíková

Abstrakt:

Double Concept of Time in Lévinas' Work De L'existance à L'existant

In his early book De l’existence à l’existant Emmanuel Lévinas introduces two concepts of time: the “economic” time of our life in the world where all moments are equal and can recompense each other and time as a “present” constituted by a subject in the act of “hypostasis” preceding the world. To this present, absolute and therefore fleeting, only “the other” through his or her “otherness” can give a future. This position seems relevant in its connection of self-relation of the subject constituting the present and the relation to the other as giving the future. Nevertheless, it is criticized in three points: (i) The present is not absolute but is based on the past and implies the future. (ii) Therefore, the other does not “redeem” the present in its absolute character but constitutes together with me my (and his or her) present, as well as my future and past. (iii) The hypostasis of the present, i.e. the acceptance of the existence as mine, being an act transcending the world does not precede but presupposes the world.

Citace:

KARFÍKOVÁ, Lenka. Dvojí čas v Lévinasově díle De l’existence à l’existant. Teologická reflexe. 12/1 (2006), s. 81-88.

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Autor:

Ivan Chvatík, Štěpán Špinka

Abstrakt:

The Infinite Nature of Finiteness. A Disputation on Ivan Chvatík's Theses on Human Finiteness and Overcoming It

Selected documents from the disputation organised by the Department of Philosophy of the Protestant Theological Faculty of Charles University on 28 June 2005.

Citace:

CHVATÍK, Ivan a Štěpán ŠPINKA. Nekonečnost konečnosti. Disputace o tezích Ivana Chvatíka k tématům lidské konečnosti a jejího překonání. Teologická reflexe. 12/1 (2006), s. 89-96.

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Autor:

Filip Čapek

Citace:

ČAPEK, Filip. Recenze: Walter Gross a Karl-Josef Kuschel. Bůh a zlo. Teologická reflexe. 12/1 (2006), s. 97-98

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Autor:

Marek Říčan

Citace:

ŘÍČAN, Marek. Recenze: Peter L. Berger. The Desecularization of the World. Resurgent and World Politics. Teologická reflexe. 12/1 (2006), s. 98-100.

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Autor:

Ota Halama

Citace:

HALAMA, Ota. Recenze: Martin Rothkegel. Mährische Sakramentierer des zweiten Viertels des 16. Jahrhundert. Teologická reflexe. 12/1 (2006), s. 101-103.

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